The normal pulse rate for a child should be within what range?

Which of the following is considered a non-ionic contrast material?
1. iodamide
2. iohexol
3. iothalamate
4. diatrizoate

The first step in cardiopulmonary resuscitation involves a call for help from coworkers or emergency staff.

To provide the maximum plasma-iodine concentration and tissue enhancement the iodinated contrast medium should be administered in a drip infusion technique.

When one views cross-sectional anatomy, the image should be oriented from the feet toward the head with the patient’s left on the viewer’s left.

The definition of capture efficiency is…

The following manipulations involve raw or scan data:

Decreasing the DFOV
Changing the algorithm selection
Increasing the matrix size

The contrast resolution of a CT scanner is not related to the focal spot size.

Lab tests that help determine renal function are?

Which is the best scout to set up a CT cervical spine?

Which protocol is most commonly used for a renal mass?

Which of the following will reduce the appearance of noise in the CT image?

1. Use of a wide window width
2. Increase in mAs
3. Increase in slice thickness

What is indicated by the arrow in the image?

Symptoms or signs of hypovolemic shock include…
1. Hypertension
2. Pallor
3. Oliguria
4. Tachycardia

Which of the following is considered a non-ionic contrast material?

A patient with a chest tube is brought to the CT department for a CT examination, the suction unit used on the patient should remain…

The kV or tube voltage originates from the tube cathode and is important to the production of x-ray photons due to…

An acoustic neuroma would be found in which of the following cranial nerves?

The definition of absorption efficiency is…

Collimation of the x-ray beam in CT consists of two sets of collimators.

Which of the following is NOT related to the contrast resolution of a CT scanner?

Water-soluble based contrast (gastroview) should be the oral contrast of choice when?

What type of scan is generally used in a brain perfusion study?

Radiology departments usually have protocols set up in place for people who have had reactions to IV contrast in the past using combinations of steroids and antihistamines.

An increase in the window width will DECREASE the appearance of noise in a CT image.

What is indicated by the arrow in the image?

The signs and symptoms of hypovolemic shock include:
1. Hypertension
2. Pallor
3. Tachycardia
4. Oliguria

Non-ionic contrast media include iopamidol, iohexol, and iodamide.

A suction unit used on a patient with a chest tube should always remain 18 inches above the patient.

During a CT examination, the CT technologist is responsible for monitoring the patient…

To best image a possible Schwannoma found within the Schwann cells of the eighth cranial nerves, CT examinations should include which of the following?

The definition of conversion efficiency is…

The average CT number value represented in Hounsfield units for bone is +1000.

The factors that affect contrast resolution in a CT scanner include section (slice) width, algorithm selection, detector sensitivity, and focal spot size.

A patient comes to the radiology department to have three procedures, a Dexa bone density, CT Chest with IV contrast, and a Barium swallow study. Which order should they be completed?

1. Barium swallow study
2. CT Abdomen With contrast
3. Bone density

Flank pain is usually an indication of…

It may take up to 30 minutes for a hemangioma to “fill in”.

To decrease the appearance of noise in the CT image the mAs can be increased but the slice thickness should be decreased.

What is indicated by the arrow in the image?

Which of the following are used as common sites for the injection of iodinated contrast material?
1. Antecubital vein
2. Cephalic vein
3. Brachial artery
4. Basilic vein

The blood pressure of a patient measures 120/68 mm Hg. The number 120 represents:

The total volume of 100 mL of iodinated intravenous contrast is administered with an automatic injector in 45 seconds. The flow rate for this injection is…

It is NOT the CT technologist’s responsibility to monitor the patient while in the CT examination department, this is done by the nurse.

Modern CT systems include which of the following:
1. The ability to generate scans in all planes.
2. They cannot generate a straight coronal or sagittal image.
3. They have no moving parts.

Conversion efficiency is the percentage of x-rays colliding with the detector atoms which results in a measurable electrical signal.

The accepted average CT number value for bone is…

The resolution of a CT scanner is usually expressed as which of the following?

What lab test may be used for a biopsy?

Which of the following diabetic medications should be discontinued for 48 hrs after the injection of IV contrast?

The amount, chemical makeup and shape of the metal found in a patient’s body affects the severity of the artifacts found in the CT image.

Which of the following will most likely remove a ring artifact?

What is indicated by the arrow in the image?

Which of the following would not be used as a site for the injection of iodinated contrast material?

When taking blood pressure the systolic pressure is represented by the top number and represents the measurement of the pressure exerted on the arterial walls during a contraction of the heart.

To calculate the flow rate for an intravenous contrast administration of 125 mL contrast via an automatic injector in 50 seconds, divide the total seconds by the total volume of contrast.

The radiation dose to the patient will NOT be minimized by which of the following?

The commands from the technologist are most often received by the _______ of the computer.

The wedge-filter design is the type of filter used at the x-ray tube of a CT scanner.

A CT scanner capable of producing an image that is an exact reproduction of the actual anatomic slice is said to have a MTF (modulation transfer function) of…

The post-processing technique that would include only the bone tissue of a CT examination of the pelvis would be…

Which cuts would best demonstrate the pancreas?

Which of the following affects the severity that metal artifacts degrade the CT image.

1. The amount, size and composition of the metal
2. The slice thickness
3. The number of data sampling points

To reduce the out-of-field artifact, which of the following may be used?

Patient motion results in ____________ in the CT image.

1. Ghosting
2. Blurring
3. Streaks

What is indicated by the arrow in the image?

Iodinated contrast media is not commonly administered in the brachial artery.

Of the following medications which may be administered to a patient having a severe anaphylactoid reaction to iodinated contrast media?
1. Diphenhydramine
2. Atropine
3. Epinephrine

The device used to measure the patient dose from a CT examination is the ionization chamber.

Noncontrast scanning of the liver is preferred to scanning during the equilibrium phase of contrast injection for evaluation of hepatic lesions.

The job of the array processor is…

Decreasing the aperture size will result in an increase in the noise of a CT image.

The major disadvantage of the back-projection method of image reconstruction is the appearance of a star artifact.

Mild adverse reactions to iodinated intravenous contrast media are common. Examples include:

1. Dyspnea
2. Nausea
3. Warm, flushed feeling

An acute “bleed” on a CT of the head is black in appearance.

What is indicated by the arrow in the image?

An out-of-field artifact can be corrected by increasing the reconstruction field-of-view.

Ghosting, blurring, and streaks can all occur within the CT image as a result of voluntary or involuntary patient motion.

To decrease patient dose during a CT examination, which of the following technical changes should be made?

Which of the following drugs should be used to combat bradycardia during a vagal reaction to contrast?

The device used to measure the radiation dose to the patient from a CT examination is…

Anatomically the kidneys are usually located between L-3 and L-4 vertebrae.

Which of the following is included in the system console?
1. Monitor
2. Keyboard
3. Graphic input device

A decrease in ________________ will increase the noise of a CT image.

The major disadvantage of the early back-projection method of image reconstruction is the appearance of the…

Instructions for a patient just completing an intrathecal injection of iodinated contrast media for a post-myelograpic CT study of the lumbar spine should include…

An ROI in the kidney, it had a Hounsfield unit of 10. What does this likely represent?

What is indicated by the arrow in the image?

The appearance of a cone-beam artifact may look like stars:

To reduce the effect of partial volume artifact in a CT image while not increasing the appearance of noise, which of the following could be used?

The patient dose can be reduced by using a technique termed “partial scan” or “half-scan” which reduces the total rotation of the x-ray tube.

The use of Epinephrine and Diphenhydramine should be used to combat bradycardia during a vagal reaction to contrast.

A history of an allergic reaction to shellfish is an absolute contraindication of the use of intravenous contrast administration.

The kidneys in most patients will be located anatomically between which vertebrae?

Which of the following system console components would be considered an interactive device?
1. Graphic input device
2. Monitor
3. Keyboard

The production of the scatter radiation absorbed by the patient and detectors is caused by an interaction of the x-ray photon and matter, termed…

The gas ionization CT detectors use which of the following types of gas?

Which of the following would be considered within the normal diastolic pressure range for an adult?

What factor cannot be changed retrospectively?

What is indicated by the arrow in the image?

Beam hardening can be affected by which of the following?

1. Tissue types the beam passes through
2. Tissue thickness traversed by the beam
3. Beam energy

To reduce the partial volume effect in a CT image while not increasing the appearance of noise…

Medication administration using parenteral routes include which of the following?
1. Intradermal
2. Subcutaneous
3. Transdermal

The average osmolality of non-ionic intravenous contrast agents is 1300 mOsm/kg water.

The total quantity of radiation dose received by the patient from a CT scan series is termed…

A patient is positioned for a CT examination of the right foot. Which of the following accurately describes the position of the patient?

Complete the following: The CT scanner’s patient table ______________________.

The interaction between the x-ray photon and matter responsible for the production of the scatter radiation absorbed by the patient and detectors is called characteristic interaction.

Most CT detector systems found in modern CT scanners use nitrogen gas to increase the incidence of interaction with the x-ray photon, thus increasing the efficiency of the detector.

Of the following, which is NOT a typical indication of shock?

A scan was performed with 3×3 mm slices if the radiologist wants sagittal reconstructions, what could the tech do to try to decrease the stair-stepping of the sagittal image?

What is indicated by the arrow in the image?

Beam hardening is affected by tissue type, tissue thickness but NOT the energies of the photons in the beam.

The reduction of the partial volume effect while not increasing the appearance of the noise in a CT image can be accomplished by just decreasing slice thickness.

Which statement concerning parenteral routes of medication administration is correct?

Non-ionic intravenous contrast media such as Omnipaque should have an average osmolality of…

Which of the following iodinated contrast media may NOT be used for an intrathecal injection?

CT images acquired in a plane which divides the body into dorsal and ventral sections are considered ____________ images.

CT images can be directly scanned in planes other than transverse and can be acquired by orienting the patient’s body part so that it is not perpendicular to the x-ray beam.

Which of the following types of detectors are used in CT today?
1. Scintillation crystal
2. Gas ionization
3. Stimulable phosphor

To best reduce involuntary motion on a CT image which of the following methods should be used?

Which of the following will reduce the patient dose at the expense of increasing the appearance of noise in the CT image?

Which set of slice widths would have the least amount of “stair-stepping” on a sagittal or coronal recon?

What is indicated by the arrow in the image?

Which of the following best describes a CT artifact?

A variation in which of the following factors will affect the hardening of the CT x-ray beam?

1. Tissue density
2. kVp
3. Tissue thickness

Which of the following can be used to decrease the viscosity of an iodinated contrast material?

Sterilization using an autoclave is more efficient than an oven because of ___________.

Which of the following sizes of butterfly needles allows the least amount of iodinated intravenous contrast media to be administered?

A 12-second spiral/helical CT scan of the pelvis is performed using a 1.0 cm aperture size. If a 1:1 pitch was used, the total amount covered for this scan would be?

Which of the following is true concerning the cathode filament?

Both scintillation crystals and gas ionization detectors are used in modern CT scanner systems.

To provide the largest image for the viewer on a 14 X 17-inch film, which of the following CT film formats should be used?

To minimize patient dose in a multiple slice CT study, the slice thickness should be decreased to cover the region of interest.

Which WW/WL is a bone window?

What is indicated by the arrow in the image?

The greatest amount of partial volume artifact would be displayed in which of the following?

A variation in the tissue density and tissue thickness will affect the hardening of the x-ray beam, but NOT the kVp used.

When using iodinated contrast media the viscosity can be decreased by an increase in temperature of the contrast media.

What is the average range for activated partial thromboplastin time?

To administer iodinated intravenous contrast media at a rapid rate a butterfly needle with a gauge of _________ should be used.

A CT of the pelvis is acquired using an aperture size of 1.0 cm and a scan time of 15 seconds the resulting slice thickness will equal 10 mm.

What determines the focal spot size used for a particular CT examination?

CT images are not archived on which of the following types of media?

The CT film format on a 14 X 17-inch film of 12:1 provides the largest image for the viewer.

When performing a multiple slice CT examination, the slice thickness may be _____________ to cover the region of interest, in order to minimize the patient dose.

Which WW/WL is a lung window?

What is indicated by the arrow in the image?

When the slice thickness is reduced the anatomical region covered will be smaller than with a larger slice thickness selection.

The direction in which the streaks from the edge gradient effect emanate in what orientation from the structure being imaged?

Dyspnea is an example of a mild reaction to iodinated intravenous contrast media.

The partial thromboplastin time is a laboratory measure of blood coagulation. The normal range should be between 17 – 21 seconds.

A patient states a feeling of faintness, which of the following terms may be used to indicate this?

The total length of a CT scan may be calculated by multiplying the scan time by the aperture size.

The focal spot is determined by the thickness of the slice that the CT technologist selects.

CT images may be archived on VHS tape along with magnetic tape and magnetic optical tape.

The greatest spatial resolution will be provided with which of the following matrix sizes?

Which of the following statements is correct regarding the x-ray radiation used in CT?

Where is the beginning and endpoint of a CT routine chest?

What is indicated by the arrow in the image?

Beam hardening artifacts can appear as inaccurate CT numbers in the CT image but NOT streaks in the image.

What is indicated by the arrow in the image?

A patient is having difficulty breathing, which of the following terms is used to describe this condition?

Which of the following is/are considered examples of a mild reaction to iodinated intravenous contrast media?
1. Shock
2. Pulmonary edema
3. Vomiting
4. Dyspnea

The type of isolation technique used to protect against infection transmitted through fecal material is…

To acquire a CT examination of the brain the patient should be placed in which of the following positions?

The function of collimation is…
1. Control the slice thickness
2. Minimizes the x-ray dose to the patient
3. Reduction of scatter radiation

Which of the following manipulations would NOT be used with raw (scan) data?

Spatial resolution in a CT image is greater when the matrix size is smaller due to the increase in the number of pixels found within a small matrix.

The units rad and rem are equivalent when measuring radiation dose used in CT x-ray radiation.

It is required to go through the adrenal glands on a CT chest.

What is indicated by the arrow in the image?

Beam hardening can produce which of the following?

1. Broad streaks in the image
2. Inaccuracies in the CT number
3. Cupping artifact

What is indicated by the arrow in the image?

The term used to describe the reduction in the number of infectious organisms without complete elimination is…

Patient consent is not required for which of the following CT studies?

Enteric precautions attempt to protect persons from the spread of infection through indirect or direct contact with fecal matter.

When positioning a patient for CT images of the brain, the acquisition should be parallel to the skull base at a 0-degree angle above the orbitomeatal line.

What is the main purpose of the detector?

Image data can be manipulated by which of the following?

A term used to describe a set of rules for solving a mathematical problem.

A normal pulse for an infant should not exceed _________ BPM.

What plane passes through the body and divides it into left and right portions?

What is indicated by the arrow in the image?

If the filter at the aperture of the x-ray tube removed even more low energy x-ray photons which of the following would result?

What is indicated by the arrow in the image?

To reduce the number of infectious organisms without completely eliminating them is termed…

The patient is not required to give informed consent for a noncontrast CT study of the brain to rule out a subdural hematoma.

The first step when performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation is always…

Following an intravenous contrast administration, which of the following methods provides the greatest plasma-iodine concentration?

The correct orientation for viewing CT images on the monitor is which of the following?

What must happen in order for an x-ray photon to be measured?

1. It must enter the detector chamber.
2. It must be absorbed by the detector material.
3. It must be converted to a measurable signal.

Which of the following manipulations involve the use of image data?

Adjustments in the window width and window level
Decreasing the DFOV
Changing the algorithm selection
Increasing the matrix size

Reconstruction is the term used to describe a set of rules for solving a mathematical problem, such as those used in producing an image.

The normal pulse rate for a child is lower than that of an infant and should range between ____________ BPM.

A CT abdomen-pelvis was ordered and the diagnosis was kidney stones. The test that should be performed is…

What is indicated by the arrow in the image?

The cause of the cupping artifact is?

What is indicated by the arrow in the image?

Contrast is indicated for a CT of the facial bones when:

When scanning the posterior fossa, using small slice thickness and reducing the kVp;